Ntchito zolondola, zogwirizana ndi zosowa za makina otseguka a hydraulic
Valavu yodzaza iyi imayang'ana kwambiri momwe makina otseguka a hydraulic amagwirira ntchito. Imayikidwa pakati pa pampu ndi chipangizo china chachiwiri cha hydraulic (monga valavu yowongolera mphamvu, silinda, ndi zina zotero), ndipo imatenga udindo waukulu wodzaza kuchuluka kwa accumulator. Ntchito yake yayikulu ndi "kudzaza nthawi iliyonse". Malinga ndi zofunikira za dongosolo, imatha kutenga mafuta kuchokera ku pampu yochuluka kuti idzaze accumulator, kumaliza ntchito yodzaza pamlingo wokhazikika pansi pa kuthamanga komwe kwayikidwa, ndikusunga mawonekedwe odzaza nthawi zonse mkati mwa kuthamanga komwe kwayikidwa.
Panthawi yodzaza, ngakhale kuti kuyenda kwa chipangizo chothandizira cha hydraulic chotsikira pansi kudzachepa, sikudzasokoneza kwambiri magwiridwe antchito abwinobwino a gawolo. Bola ngati valavu yodzaza siikulepheretsa kuyenda ndi kufalitsa mphamvu ya pampu, chipangizo chachiwiri cha hydraulic chotsikira pansi nthawi zonse chimatha kupeza mphamvu yonse ya dongosolo kuti zitsimikizire kuti mphamvu ya dongosolo ikuyenda bwino. Nthawi yomweyo, kuyenda kwa accumulator filling flow ndi malire apamwamba ndi otsika a mphamvu ya accumulator zitha kukhazikitsidwa momwe zimafunikira popanga, kupereka njira zodzaza zomwe zakonzedwa kuti zigwiritsidwe ntchito pamakina a hydraulic pansi pa mikhalidwe yosiyanasiyana yogwirira ntchito.
Ma circuit amodzi ndi awiri, okhala ndi zochitika zingapo zogwiritsira ntchito
Chogulitsachi chimapereka mawonekedwe awiri, dera limodzi ndi dera lawiri, zomwe zimakwaniritsa zosowa za machitidwe a hydraulic okhala ndi zovuta zosiyanasiyana. Kuyerekeza kwapadera ndi motere:
| Miyeso yoyerekeza | Valavu yodzaza dera limodzi | Valavu yodzaza mawaya awiri |
| Zochitika zomwe zingagwiritsidwe ntchito | Zochitika zokhala ndi kapangidwe kosavuta ka makina komanso zofunikira kwambiri kuti dera limodzi likhale lodziyimira palokha, monga dera lowongolera zochita limodzi la makina ang'onoang'ono omanga (monga, dera laling'ono lokulitsa ndi kubweza la chofukula chaching'ono, ndi zina zotero) | Makina ovuta a hydraulic okhala ndi ntchito zosiyanasiyana zogwirira ntchito limodzi, monga makina akuluakulu ofukula migodi (omwe amafunika kuwongolera zochita monga kufukula ndi kunyamula zinthu nthawi imodzi) ndi zida zazikulu zamakina a hydraulic (zochitika zogwirira ntchito zosiyanasiyana zolumikizirana) |
| Mawonekedwe | Kapangidwe kosavuta, kuzindikira kuwongolera kolondola kwa chaji ya dera limodzi, kuonetsetsa kukhazikika ndi magwiridwe antchito apamwamba a mphamvu ya hydraulic munjira imodzi | Ikhoza kuyitanitsa ma accumulators a ma circuit awiri nthawi imodzi kapena padera, kukwaniritsa zofunikira za kuthamanga ndi kuyenda kwa ma circuit osiyanasiyana pansi pa zovuta zogwirira ntchito. |
| valavu | Thandizani zida kumaliza ntchito imodzi yokha molondola, yoyenera machitidwe osavuta kuti muchepetse ndalama ndikuwonjezera magwiridwe antchito | Kupititsa patsogolo mgwirizano ndi magwiridwe antchito a machitidwe osiyanasiyana, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ntchito zogwirira ntchito zosiyanasiyana zikhale zosavuta komanso zolondola. |
Zabwino kwambiri, ubwino wochita bwino
Ponena za makhalidwe a malonda, valavu yodzaza iyi ikuwonetsa zabwino zonse zogwirira ntchito:
1. Kupsinjika maganizo ndi nthawi yoyembekezera moyo
| Chizindikiro | Tsatanetsatane | Mtengo |
| Kukhazikitsa kuthamanga kwa kuthamanga kwa malire oyambira | 70 – 200bar | Nthawi yolipirira mphamvu ya pampu ya hydraulic ndi yayikulu, zomwe zimachepetsa kuyambika kwa pampu ya hydraulic, kuchepetsa kuwonongeka kwa zida, komanso kukonza moyo wa pampu ya hydraulic ndi makina. |
2. Kuyenda ndi mphamvu ya kuyenda
| Chizindikiro | Tsatanetsatane | Mtengo |
| Kufotokozera kwa Kuchaja kwa Kuyenda | 3/6/10/25Lpm, zosankha zingapo zikupezeka | Sinthani mosavuta kuti mugwirizane ndi machitidwe omwe ali ndi zofunikira zosiyanasiyana zoyendera |
| Kutha Kuyenda kwa Doko Lodutsa | 5 – 113Lpm | Onetsetsani kuti mafuta a hydraulic akuyenda bwino |
| Kutsika kwa Kupanikizika kwa Doko Lodutsa (pamene kuyenda kwa madzi < 40Lpm) | 5bar | Kuchepetsa kutayika kwa kuthamanga kwa magazi ndikuwongolera kugwiritsa ntchito bwino mphamvu zamagetsi |
3. Kapangidwe ndi kusintha kwa chilengedwe
| Chizindikiro | Tsatanetsatane | Mtengo |
| Kapangidwe ka Kapangidwe | Kapangidwe kakang'ono | Yosavuta kuyika ndi kuyika m'malo opapatiza, ikukwaniritsa zosowa zophatikizana za makina a hydraulic pazida zosiyanasiyana |
| Kugwira Ntchito Pakati | Mafuta a hydraulic ochokera ku mchere | Kupezeka paliponse, koyenera machitidwe ambiri a hydraulic |
| Kukhuthala kwa Ma Viscosity | 2.8 – 380mm²/s | Imatha kugwira ntchito bwino m'malo okhala ndi mafuta osiyanasiyana |
| Mafuta Otentha Osiyanasiyana | -30℃ mpaka 107℃ | Imatha kugwira ntchito bwino m'malo ovuta monga kuzizira kwambiri komanso kutentha kwambiri |
| Muyezo wa Ukhondo | Zimagwirizana ndi kalasi ya 18/16/13 ndi muyezo wa ISO3446 | Onetsetsani kuti ntchito ikuyenda bwino pakakhala zovuta kuntchito, kuchepetsa kulephera komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha kuipitsidwa kwa mafuta a hydraulic. |
| Kuthamanga Kwambiri Kolowera | 210bar | Yoyenera kugwira ntchito mopanikizika kwambiri, kuonetsetsa kuti dongosolo limakhala lokhazikika |
4. Kusintha kosankha
Kuwonjezera pa kasinthidwe ka single/dual circuit, mavavu odzaza ndi zinthu zina amathanso kusankhidwa kuti awonjezere ntchito za malonda, kukwaniritsa zosowa za ogwiritsa ntchito osiyanasiyana, komanso kupereka kusinthasintha kwakukulu pakupanga makina a hydraulic. Akatswiri amakampani adati valavu yodzaza ya single-circuit/dual-circuit iyi imapereka chithandizo chofunikira pakugwira bwino ntchito kwa makina otseguka a hydraulic ndi kapangidwe kake kolondola, kusintha kwa malo osiyanasiyana komanso magwiridwe antchito abwino kwambiri. Kuyambitsidwa kwake sikungothandiza kukonza magwiridwe antchito ndi kukhazikika kwa zida zosiyanasiyana za hydraulic, komanso kudzalimbikitsa kukweza zida ndi zatsopano zaukadaulo m'mafakitale monga makina auinjiniya, zitsulo, ndi kupanga mafakitale, zomwe zimabweretsa chilimbikitso chatsopano pakukula kwa makampani a hydraulic. Ndi kukulitsa kwa kukwezedwa ndi kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa msika, ikuyembekezeka kukhala muyezo woyezera zinthu zodzaza mavavu m'makina otseguka a hydraulic, zomwe zikutsogolera makampaniwa ku gawo lotukuka bwino komanso lanzeru.
Nthawi yotumizira: Julayi-09-2025