Nchifukwa chiyani pedal imodzi yowongolera mapazi ya hydraulic imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mumakina omanga?

Mu makina owongolera ma hydraulic monga ma loaders, ma cranes, ndi ma excavator, pedal imodzi yowongolera ma hydraulic ndi yofala kwambiri. Kodi ndi "maluso" otani omwe imadalira kuti ikhale "mlendo wokhazikika" mu makina owongolera ma hydraulic a zida zotere? Kumbuyo kwa izi ndi zotsatira za makhalidwe ake omwe amasinthidwa kwambiri kuti agwirizane ndi mawonekedwe a makina omanga.

Chofunika kwambiri pa pedal imodzi yoyendetsera hydraulic ndi valavu ya phazi lamakina, ndipo mfundo yogwirira ntchito yapakati si yovuta: poponda kapena kumasula pedal ya phazi, kutsegula ndi kutseka kwa valavu yamkati kumayendetsedwa, motero kuzindikira kudulidwa kwa kayendedwe ka hydraulic system ndi kusintha kwa kayendedwe ka madzi. Njira yogwirira ntchito yomwe imawoneka yosavuta ingakhale ndi phindu lapadera pa malo ogwirira ntchito a makina omanga.

1. Kugwirizana kwa ntchito: masulani manja anu ndikuyang'ana kwambiri ntchito zazikulu

Ntchito za makina omanga nthawi zambiri zimafuna mgwirizano wa zochita zambiri. Mwachitsanzo, pogwiritsa ntchito chofukula, wogwiritsa ntchito ayenera kuyang'anira kukumba ndi kutsitsa chidebe, ndikusintha momwe chidebecho chilili komanso mkono wothira. Manja onse awiri ali ndi udindo waukulu wogwiritsa ntchito bwino. Kutuluka kwa chofukula cha mapazi chowongolera cha hydraulic kumapangitsa "phazi" kukhala gawo latsopano lowongolera makina a hydraulic - poponda pa chofukula, kuyenda kapena njira ya hydraulic circuit ikhoza kusinthidwa popanda kuyimitsa kugwira ntchito kwa dzanja. Mwachitsanzo, pamene chofukulacho chikulinganiza malo, chofukula cha mapazi cholamulidwa ndi phazi chimasintha kuthamanga kwa hydraulic kwa boom, ndipo manja onse awiri amayang'ana kwambiri pa kulinganiza pang'ono kwa chidebecho. Njira yogwirira ntchito imakhala yogwirizana kwambiri ndipo magwiridwe antchito amawongoleredwa mwachibadwa.

Pa nthawi yotsitsa katundu wonyamula katundu, dalaivala ayenera kuwongolera ngodya yopendekera ya chidebe ndi kuyendetsa galimoto nthawi imodzi. Kapeti kakang'ono ka hydraulic phazi kamalola phazi kutenga ntchito yowongolera kuthamanga kwa hydraulic ya chidebe, ndipo manja onse awiri amatha kugwiritsa ntchito chiwongolero mosinthasintha ndikuwongolera liwiro la galimoto, kupangitsa malo otsitsa katundu kukhala olondola kwambiri, kupewa kutaya zinthu, ndikukweza muyezo wa zomangamanga. Njira iyi ya "kugawa ntchito ndi manja ndi mapazi" ikukwaniritsa zofunikira pakugwira ntchito kwa makina aukadaulo, imakonza kwambiri momwe ntchito ikuyendera, ndikuchepetsa kutopa kwa wogwiritsa ntchito.

2. Kusintha magwiridwe antchito: kusinthasintha komanso molondola, kuthana ndi zovuta zogwirira ntchito

(I) Kugwira ntchito mbali zonse ziwiri ndi kusintha pang'ono

Mikhalidwe yogwirira ntchito yomwe makina opanga uinjiniya amakumana nayo ndi yovuta komanso yosiyanasiyana, ndipo kusinthasintha ndi kulondola kwa kayendetsedwe ka hydraulic ndi kwakukulu kwambiri. Ma valve ambiri a hydraulic foot amathandizira kugwira ntchito mbali ziwiri. Kuwonjezera pa ntchito zoyambira zotsegula valavu poyiponda ndikuyitseka poyitulutsa, mapangidwe ena amathanso kusintha mphamvu ya pedal ndi pedal.

Potengera ntchito zonyamula crane mwachitsanzo, kunyamula katundu wolemera mosiyanasiyana kumafuna kuchuluka kwa kayendedwe ka hydraulic. Mwa kusintha njira yogwirira ntchito, kutsegula kwa valavu kumatha kuyendetsedwa kuti pakhale kusintha pang'ono kwa kayendedwe ka mafuta a hydraulic, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti boom lift ndi kugwa zikhale zokhazikika komanso kupewa zinthu zolemera kuti zisagwedezeke. Panthawi yogwira ntchito yophwanya chimbudzi, mphamvu ya pedal imasinthidwa malinga ndi kuuma kwa thanthwe kuti ilamulire kuchuluka ndi mphamvu ya nyundo kuti igwirizane ndi mphamvu zosiyanasiyana zomangira ndikukweza mphamvu yogwirira ntchito. Mphamvu yosinthirayi yosinthasintha imalola pedal imodzi yowongolera hydraulic kuti "igwirizane ndi mikhalidwe yakomweko" ndikusinthasintha ndi mikhalidwe yosiyanasiyana yogwirira ntchito.

(II) Woperekeza wodalirika komanso wolimba, wokhazikika

Malo ogwirira ntchito makina omanga ndi ovuta, ndipo makina oyendetsera magetsi amakhala ndi mphamvu yothamanga kwambiri komanso kugwedezeka kwa nthawi yayitali, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zofunikira kwambiri pa kudalirika kwa zigawo. Chopondera cha mapazi chowongolera magetsi cha hydraulic chimapangidwa ndi zinthu zosatha komanso zosatha mphamvu yothamanga kwambiri. Thupi la valavu ndi kapangidwe kake kotseka zimakonzedwa bwino ndipo zimatha kugwira ntchito bwino pamalo oyendetsedwa ndi magetsi, zomwe zimathandiza kupewa mavuto otuluka.

Ma Loaders omwe amagwira ntchito m'migodi amakumana ndi fumbi, ma bumps, ndi hydraulic shocks amphamvu kwambiri. Zipangizo zosatha ntchito za pedal zimatha kupirira kuponderezedwa kwa nthawi yayitali, ndipo kukana kwa mphamvu kwambiri kumatsimikizira kuti valavu ikhoza kutsekedwa bwino pamene mphamvu ya dongosolo ikusinthasintha. Ngakhale ikagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi yayitali, magwiridwe ake amachepa pang'onopang'ono, kuchepetsa nthawi yogwira ntchito ya zida chifukwa cha kulephera kwa zigawo, kuonetsetsa kuti ntchito yomanga ikupitirira, komanso "kuphimba" kupita patsogolo kwa polojekitiyi.

3. Kufunika kolimba kwa zinthu: kudzaza kusiyana kwa kayendetsedwe ka madzi

Makina omangira a hydraulic amafuna njira yosavuta, yothandiza komanso yovuta yowongolera magwiridwe antchito. Ma valve opangidwa ndi manja amafuna zida zogwirira ntchito ndi manja ndipo amakhala "otanganidwa kwambiri" mosavuta pazochitika zogwirizanitsa zochita zambiri; ngakhale kuti valve yowongolera yamagetsi ndi yolondola, imakhala ndi malire chifukwa cha mtengo, mawaya ndi kusinthasintha kwa chilengedwe (monga malo okhala ndi chinyezi ndi fumbi nthawi zambiri amalephera kugwira ntchito).

Chopondera chimodzi chowongolera ma hydraulic chimapewa zofooka zina za ma valve owongolera ndi ma valve owongolera magetsi pogwiritsa ntchito njira ya "kapangidwe ka makina + ntchito ya phazi": palibe mawaya ovuta omwe amafunika, palibe mantha oti zinthu zingasokonezedwe ndi malo ovuta, ndipo mfundo zosavuta komanso zodalirika zamakina zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti zikwaniritse ntchito ya "kusinthasintha" kwa makina owongolera ma hydraulic. Chimakwaniritsa kufunikira kwa "ma fulcrums ogwiritsira ntchito kupatula manja" mu makina owongolera ma hydraulic, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti njira yogwirira ntchito ikhale yabwino komanso yothandiza, ndipo mwachibadwa imakhala chisankho "chokhazikika" cha makina owongolera ma hydraulic, ma cranes, ma excavator ndi zida zina.

Kuyambira pakukonza bwino magwiridwe antchito, mpaka kulondola komanso kulimba kwa magwiridwe antchito, mpaka kudzaza kusiyana kwa kufunikira kokhazikika kwa malo, pedal imodzi yowongolera ya hydraulic control foot imakwaniritsa kwambiri zosowa za makina omanga ndi mawonekedwe ake. Ngakhale ndi yaying'ono, imagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri mu "ulumikizano wowongolera" wa makina omanga, kuthandiza makina omanga kuti azigwira ntchito mokhazikika komanso moyenera pansi pa zovuta zogwirira ntchito, kukhala "ngwazi yobisika" kuti ilimbikitse chitukuko chosalala cha zomangamanga, komanso kutanthauzira mfundo zazikulu za zigawo zamafakitale zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri chifukwa cha "kusintha kolondola kwa malo".